Deep‐seated thoracic and abdominal masses: Usefulness of ultrasound and computed tomography guidance in fine needle aspiration cytology diagnosis

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed under ultrasound and CT guidance in 120 cases. These included abdominal masses (85 cases) and thoracic masses (35 cases) biopsied over a two and a half year period (March 1996 to September 1998). The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of clinico‐imaging evaluation and image‐guided FNAC to the management of patients with deep‐seated mass lesions. Aspirations in the abdomen were performed from various anatomic sites such as liver (56 cases), lymph nodes (18 cases), gastrointestinal tract (three cases), pancreas (six cases), and kidney (two cases). In the thorax, biopsy was performed in the lung (19 cases) and mediastinum (13 cases). In 112 cases (93.4%) FNAC was diagnostic. Of the lesions that were successfully aspirated, 85% were ≤ 5 cm in size. No major complication was encountered. All the successful aspirates could be defined as malignant or non‐malignant, but tissue differentiation was possible in 63.7% of malignant lesions and 53.8% of benign lesions. Combined clinical and imaging evaluation for malignancy showed 80% sensitivity and 59% specificity. Although clinicoradiological parameters themselves have certain limitations in diagnosing benign versus malignant lesions, in conjunction with guided FNA they are very accurate and safe in diagnosing deep‐seated mass lesions in the thorax and in the abdomen. However, the role of FNA in tissue differentiation of solid lesions such as lymphoma requires further study.     

肺炎性块影的X线表现与鉴别（附92例分析）

目的：探讨肺炎性块影的Ｘ线表现及其它病变的Ｘ线鉴别。材料和方法：收集了９２例经手术,病理证实的肺炎性块影,并对其Ｘ线表现及病理改变进行了分析。结果：球形肺炎１８例（２０％）,机化性肺炎１２例（１３％）,炎性假瘤６２例（６７％）,一般Ｘ线表现：炎性块影密度均匀,呈椭圆形或圆形,轻度分叶或局部凸出,也可表现为边缘清楚或部分模糊。结论：通过肺炎性块影的Ｘ线表现与病理改变的分析,进一步提高了诊断炎性块影的     

甲状腺99mTc-MIBI显像鉴别甲状腺单发冷结节良恶性的价值

目的甲状腺^99mTc-MIBI显像鉴别甲状腺单发,实性或囊实性冷结节的性质。方法33例甲状腺单发、实性或囊实性冷结节病人采用^99mTc-MIBI显像检查,全部病例均经手术及病理证实。结果恶性肿瘤诊断灵敏度为800%,特异性750%,准确率为750%.结论该项检查方法对甲状腺孤立、冷结节的良恶性鉴别有一定价值,可帮助临床医生参考确定哪些病人应及时手术。     

Pancreatic masses: A multi-institutional study of 364 fine-needle aspiration biopsies with histopathologic correlation

Only 15% of primary malignant tumors are confined to the gland at the time of presentation. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is valuable in confirming the malignant nature of these unresectable lesions. Benign pancreatic lesions and metastatic neoplasms can also be evaluated by fine-needle aspiration. We undertook a retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy of FNA in assessing pancreatic masses. Three hundred and sixty-four radiologically guided FNAs of the pancreas performed between 1986–1996 were reviewed. Surgical material was also evaluated when available and compared to the FNA material. There were 223 men and 141 women. Their ages ranged from 23–90, with a mean of 64 yr. Two hundred and twelve patients (58%) had primary malignant tumors, 183 had adenocarcinomas, 15 had mucinous cystadenocarcinomas, 12 had neuroendocrine tumors, and 2 had pleomorphic giant-cell carcinomas. Ninety-one (43%) had available surgical material which showed adenocarcinoma. Ninety-one patients (25%) had benign aspirates, including 53 showing benign ductal epithelium, 23 showing pancreatitis/inflammation, 10 showing pseudocysts, and 7 showing serous cystadenomas. Surgical material was available in 24 (26%) of these patients. Two of these showed adenocarcinoma. Sixteen aspirates (4%) were suspicious for malignancy, 13 (81%) of which showed adenocarcinoma on follow-up biopsies. Twenty-two aspirates (6%) showed metastatic neoplasms. Twenty-three (6%) had unsatisfactory specimens. Ten (43%) of these had follow-up biopsies, 3 of which were malignant. FNA of primary benign and malignant pancreatic masses is highly sensitive (98%) and specific (100%). Eighty-one percent of the suspicious lesions showed adenocarcinoma on follow-up biopsy. FNA of metastatic neoplasms to the pancreas is also very accurate. This technique can be useful in avoiding unnecessary surgery. Diagn. Cytopathol. 1998;19:423–427. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

消癥汤治疗子宫内膜异位症46例临床观察

目的探讨以活血祛瘀、补肾化痰立法的消髒汤治疗子宫内膜异位症的疗效及作用机理。方法将80例血瘀肾虚痰阻型子宫内膜异位症患者随机分为两组,治疗组46例给予消髒汤治疗,对照组34例给予内美通治疗。观察两组患者治疗后临床症状、体征、中医证候的改善情况,以及血液流变学、外周血清癌抗原125(CA125)及子宫动脉血流动力学方面的变化。结果两组患者临床疗效及中医证候疗效比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组在改善月经不调、腰骶不适及带下方面明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后两组盆腔包块均明显缩小(P<0.01),两组间比较差异无统计学意义。两组治疗后及两组间比较血液流变学各指标差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者血清CA125水平较治疗前降低(P<0.05),但两组间比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组患者子宫动脉血流动力学各指标治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论消髒汤能够改善子宫内膜异位症患者血液流变学及血流动力学指标,其作用可能是通过纠正患者的血瘀状态,改善盆腔微循环而实现的。     

腹腔镜手术治疗儿童腹痛伴附件包块14例临床分析

目的：探讨腹腔镜手术在治疗儿童腹痛伴附件包块的应用和安全性。方法：回顾性分析因腹痛伴附件包块行腹腔镜治疗的14例患儿(年龄≤14岁)的临床资料。结果：平均年龄11．7岁(8～14岁),7例行患侧附件切除(包括2例同时切除阑尾),3例切除患侧输卵管,4例卵巢囊肿剥除。病理类型成熟性畸胎瘤8例(5例肿瘤扭转已出血梗死),出血坏死变性组织5例(包括2例输卵管系膜囊肿扭转和1例输卵管扭转),卵巢无性细胞瘤1例。手术均顺利进行,无一例发生手术和麻醉并发症。术后平均随访21．7月(1～83月),无一例再次出现附件包块,不影响患儿月经。结论：腹腔镜手术治疗儿童腹痛伴附件包块是安全和可行的。